Oil-stove.



L. s. CHADWICK. I

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED Aua, |914.

Patented Aug. 27, 1918` 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 jIfeno CIL,

, UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE. 'LEE s. cHADwIcK, 0E `EAST'CEEivEftA'lvn,oHIo, AssIGNoE. THE cEEvELANp iii/IETAL PRODUCTS coMrANY, 0E CLEVELAND,omo, A coRPoRATIoN'oE oHIo.

' oIL-sTOvE.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that'I, LEE S. CHADWICK, a citizen of the Unitedk States,residing at East Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio,have inventeda certain new and useful lImprovement in Oil-Stoves, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to oil stoves which are designed for use withyliquid fuel vand which, while capable of operation under more'generalconditions of use','are particularly well adapted for the burning' ofsuch fuel in places exposed to drafts and with the maintenance of asmokeless flame. Liquid fuel lstoves possessing` this capacity of`,operating when exposed to strong drafts are particularly useful as socalled orchard heaters. Itis the general object of this inventiontoproduce a stove of this kind which, whilebeing particularly efficientin operation,l will -be at the same time extremely economical ofproduction; also to produce'a stove of this character which is simple inconstruction, involving a miniin'um number of parts, and which can bereadily assembledr anddisassembled for purposes of-packing and shipping;also to produce a stove of this character 'which may be conveniently7replenishedwith fuel from time to time as occasion" may rrequire fandone which is particularly easy to clean and to maintain in operation.Further and more' limited objects will appear hereinafter' in connectionwith the detailed description and will be'emb'odied in the'combinationsof elements set forthr in the claims forming part hereof. f

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a central vertical sectionalviewthrough av heater constructed in 'accordance with myv invention;Fig. 2 is a plan view of the heater shown in thepreceding figure, theshield and extinguisher hood being removed and a part of the upperburner cap being-'broken away to reveal theconstruction therebeneath,and Fig. 3 is a detail in perspective cfa part of and lowering' band. f

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein,1 denotes theV outer wall, 2 the bottom wall, and 3 .the

inner wall of 4an open-top annular reserthe wick raising l,Spevica-tion'of Letters Patent. Patented Allg". 27, 1918. y Applicationfilled August 8, 1914. Serial No. 855,861.

Yvoir. The outer wall and the bottom wall may be conveniently formedfrom a single sheet of metal and the inner wall may be connected to thebottom wall in any approved manner, as, indicated at 4. This inner walll'extends upwardly, preferably a little higher than the outer wall,where it is bent inwardly to form a horizontal shoul der, as shown at 5,thence upwardly to forni a cylindrical wall 6. Above the cylindricalwall 6, the metal from which the parts 3 6 are formed may be extendedhorizontally across the top of the space inclosed b'y thev wall 3, toform a cap 7, the cap being shown as provided with a plurality ofperforations VThe burner which is to. be used in connection withthestove is of the perforated commingling tube type, and the inner tube 9may be. conveniently seated upon the .f

Y shoulder 5, fitting about the cylindrical wall 6,'to which it may bepermanently secured, as Aby peening together the contiguous portions ofthe'wall 6 and the commingling tube 9, as indicated at 10. The innercom-A mingling tube is of a height suflicient to insure propercombustion and is shown as closed at its top by aV cap 11which may beunited to the upper end of the tube in any approved manner.

The bottom bf the reservoir is provided with any suitable support whichwill elevate itto the desired height to admit air to the central tube 3.In the drawing, legs 12 are shown as usedfor this purpose, and said legsmay be conveniently formed by metal straps bent to appropriate shape andsecured to the bottom and to the outer wall of the reservoir, as byrivets 18.

The second part of the stove consists" gen- .1 t

be secured tothe cover in any approved raising band is provided `withthe surface of the portion of the cover therewithin such aortion of thecover bein a l c preferably projected upwardly into an annular ring orcorrugation, as shown at 19.

The inner edge portion of the cover is shown g tube terminates asprojected downwardly to form a cylindrical wall 20, thenceinwardly toform a horizontal ledge 2l, thence downwardly to form a shortcylindrical .walll 22, which cylindrical wallmay be secured to the outerwick tube 23 in any approved manner. The wick tube 23, when the partsare in the op-` erative relation to each other shown in'Fig. 1,preferably projects above the inner wick tube and is shown as providedat its top with a series of inwardly projecting fingers 24: constitutinga stop for the upper edge of the wick. lThe bottom of this outer wickconsiderable distance above the bottom of the reservoir and is aredoutwardly, as shown at 25, to provide with the adjacent portion of theinner tube 3 a flaring mouth for the wick. vThe seat provided by thewall 20 andvledgel 21 is adapted to receive the outer perforatedcomniingling tube 26, which may be secured to the wall 20, if desired,as by peening together the overlapping metal-parts.

27 denotes the wick, which is inserted in the wick space providedbetween the tubes 3 and 23. -This wick is preferably of considerablylless thickness than the 'width of the space between said tubes, andtheupper and outer surface of the wick is engaged by a carrier band ofpeculiar construction. This band is a continuous annular bandk 28 whichis of such diameter as to extend about theuppenpertion of the wick andat the same time provide a free clearance space with' the outer wicktube. The band is in effect a segmental band, the segments being shownas provided by and between k'angular metal strips, one flange 29 of eachangle strip projecting inwardly and preferably radially, the other[lange 30 affording means by` which the strip may bey secured to thering in any suitable manner, as by riveting or soldering. In thedrawing, four such strips are provided, whereby the band is di- .videdinto four segments, but it will be evident that the number of strips andsegments may be :varied to suit the requirements of any particularinstallation. The wick with a plurality ofV inwardly projecting springlingers 31, which maybe conveniently. cut from the metal of the band andwhich are adapted to press against and into the outer surface of thewickand form a means of engagement between the wick and the band wherebythe wick may bey raised and lowered through the corresponding movementof the band. At its upper end, the band is shown as provided withinwardly project-ing fingers 32, which serve as a stop for the top ofthe wick. For the purpose of raising and lowering the band, a bail 33 isprovided, said bail'extending upwardly in the space between theconnningling tubes 9 and 26 and above and across the cap 11 of the innercommingling tube. The connection between the bail and the ring maybeconveniently made by means of upwardly projecting straps 341, formedfrom'the metal vof the band and of about the same gage as said metaltowwhich the lower ends of the bailV may be suitably secured. The ring 28 yis shown as provided with a suitable number ofperforations. y Y

The segmental feature of the ring .permitsthe employment of a built-upor vsegmental wick forme'd from a number of independent wicks, each ofsuitable width to fit between adjacent ribs or anges 29. It also permitsof a convenient regulation of the size of the flame and a consequentregulation of the heat evolved from the stove. 1f it is desired tooperate the burner at less than y maximum capacity, one or more of thewick segments may be pulled downwardly below the fingers 32 se as to beout of operative relation when the wick band is elevated. The burnerwill then operate with the vapor evolved from the remaining segment orsegments. Vhen it is desiredfto operate the burner at full capacity, allof the wick segments will be abutted against the stop fingers 32whereupoinwhen the band 28 is elevated against the stops 24, theburnerwill operate at full or maximum capacity.

As in the case with my application No. 855,462 filedrAugust 6, 1914, thestove consists essentially of two assemblies, one assembly beingconstituted by the open-top reservoir with its attached inner wick tube,the inner ,corinningling tube, the wick,y and wick raising band andbail, and the other assembly being constituted by the removable covercarrying the outer commingling tube and also (when necessary) the shield18. ldlhen it is desired to extinguish the flame or to protect theburner parts against rain or other weather conditions, an extinguisherhood 36 may be employed, said extinguisher. hood being preferablyfrusto-conical in shape and suiciently larger than the shield 18 toextend above and about the same. Prior to applying this extinguisherhood, the wick will have been lowered through the bail and the bailthereby moved downwardly a. sufficient distance to receive thereabovethe top Aof the extin uisher hood.

iVhen it is desiree to fill the reservoir, it

.is necessary only to remove or tilt the cover 14, which will enable theoperator to pour the liquid fuel directly into the reservoir without anyfunnel or special filling appliance. The wick may be lighted when thecover is thus removed or tilted, or the wick may be ignited by means ofa hydrocarbon igniter, whereby burning fuel, such as gasolene, may bedropped into the top of the space between the wick tubes. Whenit isdesirable or necessary to clean the commingling tubes, this operationmay be performed in a particularly convenient manner, vby removing thecover whereby the inner surface of the outer tube and the outer surfaceof the inner tube will be exposed for the application of a brush or anyother suitable article. The wick band with its attached wick segmentsmay be applied when the cover and its attached parts are removed.

The stove or heater -shown herein is eX- tremely efficient'inoperation,lnot only in its ability toeffectually heat the surroundingatmosphere but in its immunity from smoke and from extinguishment andserious interference by drafts.` With a heater such as disclosed hereinit is possible to heat an orchard efficiently without damaging the fruitand without the necessity of Washing the fruit for removing therefromthe carbon stains which will be deposited thereon by a smoky flameFurthermore, the burner, while not dependent upon any ne and impracticalmode ofadjustmentfor regulating the heat, may neverthelessbe adjusted ina convenient and eiicient manner to secure such variation in capacity asvwill adapt it forall ordinary incidents of use, and this regulation canbe effected in a convenient and practical manner.

Y -While the possession of the advantages referred to hereinbeforenecessarily makes the heater lpeculiarly efficient as an orchard ing myinvention to this one use, since, because-of its eiiciency and freedomfrom smoke, it is applicable to the heating of water, the heating ofgarages and other inclosed spaces, and is generally useful whereever'efficient heating is desired.

While I have described my invention in detail in connection with theembodiment illustrated herein, it is to be understood that Ido notthereby limit my invention to such details of construction and thatthese details may be varied, or departed from, more or less withoutavoiding the spirit of my invention. 'v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a stove of thecharacter described, tliefcombination offan open top reservoir having aninner wick tube and a perforated innerV commingling tube, a removablecover for the reservoir having a depending outer wick tube adapted tosurround the inner wick tube and an outer perforated commingling tube, awick in the space, between said wick tubes, and a ywick raiser connectedwith said wick and having an operating device extending upwardly betweenthe commingling tubes and across the top of the inner commingling tube.

2. In a stove of the character described, the combination of an innerwick tube, an outer wick tube, commingling tubes extending above thewick tubes, a wickn the space between said wick-tubes, and a wick raiserfor the wick having an operating portion extending upwardly between thecommingling tubes and across the top of the inner commingling tube.

3. In a stove of the character described, the combination of an open topreservoir having a wick tube, awick surrounding the wick tube, a wickband applied to the eX- terior surface of the wick and having anupwardly projecting operating device connected thereto, a removablecover for the reservoir, and a wick tube depending from said cover andadapted to surround the first mentioned wick tube and form a wick'spacetherewith.

4. In a stove of the character described, the combination of an openrtop reservoir having an inner wick tube, a wick surrounding said tube, aband surrounding the wick, an operating device connected with' said bandand projecting upwardly therefrom, a removable cover for the top of thereservoir, an outer wick tube depending from said cover and adapted tosurround the inner wick tube and inclose the wick therebetween, andmeans projecting inwardly from the outer wick tube and adapted to limitthe movement of the wick.

5. In a stove of the characterldescribed, the combination of an open topreservoir having an inner wick tube, a wick surroundy the combination ofan open topreservoir having an inner wick tube and a Vperforatedcommingling tube above said wick tube, a wick surrounding the inner wicktube, a band applied to the outer surface of said wick, a bailprojecting upwardly from said band and extending across the topy of thecommingling tube, a removable cover for the top of the reservoir, saidcover having'an outer wick tube depending therefrom and adapted tosurround the inner wick tube, said outer tube being provided with "inisowardly projecting fingers at its top constitutingstops for the wick,andan outer peroratedk coinmingling tube carried `by the cover andextending` upwardlyk from the outer`r wick tube.

In a stove ofthe character described, the combination yof an open topreservoir having an inner wick tube yanda perforated conimingling` tubeabove said wick tube, a wick surrounding the inner wick tube, a bandapplied to said wick, an, operating device connected to said band and,extending alongside the commingling tube, a removable 'cover for thetopof the reservoir, 4said cover having anV outer wick tubevdependingtherefrom and adapted to surround-the finner wick tube, and an outerpent'oratedconiminglingtubc carriedby the cover and extending upwardlyfrom the cuter wick tube.

8. In a stove of the character described, the combination of a reservoirhaving an open topy anda vertical wicktub'e extend? ing therethrough, aperforated inner cominingling tube extending above the first rmentionedtube, a cover removably applied to the reservoir, aE tube depending fromthe cover and surrounding the first mentioned tube and forming therewithan annular wick spacea series. of:` fingers projecting from oneof thewicktubes and forming a wick stop,a wick in the wickk space, an outer,commingling tube extending .upwardly 'from the upper end of the tubecarriedby thecover, and a wick raiser having` operating. means above theinner commingling tube lfor raisingV and lowering said wick.

9. In a stoveof'the character described, the combination of a reservoirhavingl an open top anda vertical wick tube extending therethrough, aperforated inner commingling tube extending above the first mentionedtube, a. cover removably applied. to the reservoir, a tube dependingfrom the cover and surrounding. the first mentioned tube andjoriningtherewith an annular wick space, a series of fingers projecting from oneofjthewick tubes and forming Aa wick stop,

a wick in the wick space, an outer commingling tubeextendingupwardlyfrom the upper end of the tube carried by the cover,and an adjustable device for retaining said wick at various` elevationsalong the inner wick tube.

l10. In a stove of the character described, the combination ofareservoir having a wick tubetherewithin, a perforated inner comminglingtube extending above the first inentioned tube, a coverremovably applied to the reservoir, a wick tube depending from the coverand surrounding the iirst mentioned tube and forming therewithan annularwick space, a wick stop carried by the covera wick inthe space betweenthe wick tubes, yan outer .commingling tube extending upward( from abouty.the `upper end of' the outer wick tube, and wick adjusting mechanisnifor retaining the wick at various eleva' open top andlavertical tubeextending therethrough', a perforated inner commingling tube extendingabove the first mentioned tube, a removable cover for the top of saidreceptacle having an opening and' a tube projecting downwardly fromsaid7 opening andv forming with the first mentioned tube an annular wi kspace, an outer perforated commingling tube projecting upwardly out'-side the dependingtube, a wick in the wick space, a wick-engaging devicefor said wick, a pair of diametrically opposed straps connected withsaid device and projecting into the space between the commingling tubes,and operating means connected with said straps.

19. In a stove of the character described, the combination of an opentop reservoir havingl a vertical tube extending therethrough, aperforated inner Commingling tube extending above the wick tube, a wicksurrounding the wick tube, a wick band applied to the wick, a bailconnected to said wick band and extending upwardly and across the top ofthe commingling tube, a removable cover for the reservoir, a wick tubedepending from said cover and forming with the first mentioned wickvtube an annular wick space, said tube having one or more stops at itstop adapted to limit the raising movement v of the wick, and aperforated outer commingling tube carried by the cover and extendingabove the wick tube.

13. Ina stove of the character described,

the combination of' an innerand an outer wick tube, a wick band in thespace between said tubes, and a wick operatively connected to saidband,` said wick comprising a plurality of wick segments at least one ofwhich is vertically adjustable with respect to Said band.

let. In a stove of the character described, the combination of an innerand an outer wick tube, a wick band in the spacebetween said wick tubes,and a'wick operatively connected to said band, said wick comprising aplurality of wick segments, at lea-st one of said segments beingvertically adjustable with respect to said band, and operating meansconnectedwith said'band whereby the wick assembly may be raisedv andlowered.

15. In a, stove of the character described, the combination of an innerand an outer wick tube, a band mounted in the space within Vsaid wicktubes, said band being divided into a plurality of segments byvertically extending ribs or fianges, wick segments applied to the bandbetween the ribs or fianges, and wick engaging means carried by the bandbetween leach pair of ribs or flanges,

iio

whereby the tops of the wick segments may be adjusted with reference toeach "other thereby to vary the eiiective Yvapor generating space at thetop of the complete wick.y

In an oil stove, the combination of inner and outer wicktubes, a wickbandv in the space between said tubes, said band being divided into aplurality of cylinder segmental sections, a plurality of wick segmentscorresponding to the band sections vand interposed between the wick bandand one of the wick tubes, at least one of said wick segments beingvertically adjustable with respect to said band thereby to render oneormore segments oi the wick inoperative for vaporizing purpose when it isAdesired to operate thestove at less than full capacity.

17, In an oil'stove, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes, awick band interposed in the space between said tubes, a wick comprisinga plurality oflwick segments interposed between the wick'band and one ofthe wick tubes, atleast one of said segments being vertically adjustablewith reference to said'band.

18. In an oil stove, thecombinationofl inner and outer wick tubes, alsegmental wick band therebetween, a plurality of wick segmentscorresponding to the wick band segments and interposed between the wickband and one of the wick tubes, at least one of said wick segments beingadjustable with reference to the top of the band, thereby tocorrespondingly vary the effective vaporizing area at the top of thewick, and means for raising and lowering said wick band.

19. In an oil stove, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes, awick band therebetween and a plurality of wick segments interposedbetween the wick band and one of the tubes and independently adjusta'blein the space between the band and the wick tube whereby the eli'ectivevaporizing area at the top of the wick may be varied.

20. In an oil stove, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes, asegmental wick band therebetween, a plurality of wick segmentscorresponding to the band segments and interposed between the band andone of the wick tubes, and stops carried by the wick band and located insubstantially the same horizontal plane for limiting the elevation ofthe wick segments, 'at least one of the wick segments being adjustablewith reference to Said stops thereby to vary the vapor generatingcapacity of the wick.

21. In an oil stove, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes, awick band therebetween, a plurality of wick segments interposed betweenthe band and one of the wick tubes, said wick segments being verticallyadjustable, and a common stop. device which determines the maximumelevation of the wick segments.

la as @il steve the combination olf adjacent part inner and outer wicktubes, a segmental wick band in the space between saidtubes, said bandhavinga pl'uralitfy'f` of wick stops arranged in a common horizontalplane, a plurality of wick segments corresponding to the band segmentsand adapted to beengaged by the stops at their upper ends thereby tolimit their vertical adjustment with reference to the band, said wicksegments being independently adjustable with reference to said stops, araising and lowering device connected to said band, and one or morestops extending over the space between the wick'tubes from ali-adjacentpart of the stove and arranged to limit the elevation of ther band. j

23. In an oil stove, the combination of inner and outer wick tubes, aWick band in the space-between said tubes, a plurality of -wick segmentsinterposed between said band and one ofthe tubes, at least oneof saidsegments being vertically adjustable, a raising' and lowering deviceconnectedv` to r"said band, and one or more stops extending over thespace between the wick tubes from an of the stove and arranged to limitthe elevation of the band.

24. In a stove of the character described, the combination of an opentop reservoir having a vertically extending wick tube and .a perforatedinner commingling tube eX- tending above the wick tube, a coverremovably supported by the reservoir and having an outer wick tubecooperating with the inner wick tube to form a wick space there` withand also having an outer commingling tube projecting above the outerwick tube, a wick band in the space between said wick tubes, said wickband having means for limiting the height of the wick, said means beinglocated in substantially the same horizontal plane, a plurality of wicksegments interposed between said band and one of the wick tubes andrespect thereto, means carried by one of the wick tubes for limiting theelevation of the wick band, and means whereby said band may be raisedand lowered.

25. In a stove of the combination of a pair of wick tubes, a

wick band in the space between said wick vertically adjustable with thecharacter described,

the combination of an open top reservoir having a vertlcal wick tube anda commiflslhs @be essere aber@ the Wick tube, a removable cover for thereservoir having a depending outer wick and a ,perorated ooniminglingltube projecting. above such wiel; tube, a wiok band in the spacebetween the wick tubes, a plurality of wiek segments interposed betweensaid bandand one ofthe wick tubes and vertioallyiadjustable with respectthereto, means Carried by the wick-band and 'arrangediin substantiallythe rsame horizontal plane for limiting the vertical adjustment yof thewick segments, a Iplurality of lingers carried by one of the wick tubesand overhanging the top 'of the, iwiok'spaoe and adapted to ylimit the`eleva- 'j and lowered.

tion of the wick band, and means whereby 'the band may be raised and`lowered.

27. lnta stove of the character `described, the combinationof a pair ofwick tubes, a lwiek band in the `space between -the wick tubes, aplurality ofL wick segments interposed between said band and one of the.wick tubes .and vertically adjustable with respect to said band, meansearriedfby the wick band and arranged in substantially the samehorizontal pla-ne for limiting the vering area of'the top of the wickmay be varied, and'nieans whereby the wiok, composed of such adjustablesegments, may be raised In testimony whereof, I'hereunto allix mysignature in the vpresence of two witnesses.

LEE S. GHDWGK.

Y. V`Witnesses SHEPPARD,

D. S. SMITH,

'tical Vmijustment of the wick segments, and

Copies of thisgpatent may be obtained forfve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of ''teiits Washington, D. C. j.

